Introduction to Integrated Systems for Smart Manufacturing 320

analytics platform

A centralized source of data that allows users to make informed decisions. Analytic platforms enable users to making informed decisions to address things like supply needs, machine maintenance, and customer demand.

API

application programming interface. A set of programmed instructions, definitions, and standards that define how one piece of software interacts with others. An API means that anyone can write programs that can interact with that interface.

application programming interfaces

API. A set of programmed instructions, definitions, and standards that define how one piece of software interacts with others. An open application programming interface means that anyone can write programs that can interact with that interface.

applications

A program or group of programs designed for end users. Applications can include a word processor, a spreadsheet, a web browser, an email client, a media player, or a file viewer.

artificial intelligence

AI. A computer program that contains algorithms that function as behavioral rules. Artificial intelligence has software that provides the robot the ability to discern and learn from its experiences in order to make optimized decisions during the operation or for subsequent processes.

artificial intelligence

AI. A computer software program that contains behavior rules for robots. Artificial intelligence is one of the characteristics that distinguishes robots from other programmable machines.

Big Data

A valuable collection of information from the devices or assets in an operation. Big Data can be analyzed to reveal patterns and make calculations.

business-to-business

B2B. Supplier to customer transactions occurring between companies. Business-to-business can describe transactions between a manufacturer and retail or wholesale dealer.

cloud-computing

A combination of hardware and software computing technology typically provided by a third party that allows clients to access, store, and process data remotely through an internet connection. Servers used in cloud computing can provide multiple clients with access to unlimited storage and processing capabilities but may pose greater cybersecurity risks than secure local area network servers (LANs).

Comma-separated values

CSV.A text file format that uses a comma to separate values. In comma-separated value formats, each line of the fil is a data record.

cybersecurity

Protection against criminal or unauthorized access to computer networks, programs, and data. Cybersecurity has become a major industrial concern as networking and connectivity have increased.

dashboard

A data visualization tool that contains current and updated information related to performance and operations throughout the supply chain. Dashboards are used in smart factories to fully utilize data.

data lake

A computer application or system that manages massive amounts of raw data from a variety of sources. Data lakes can be located on premises or are cloud-based.

ecosystem

A complex system or network of connections. An ecosystem in the IIoT can include connectivity among devices, processes, people and businesses.

edge computing

The practice of using software and storing data on multiple local devices located at the data source. Edge computing distributes processing tasks across multiple edge devices at the data source.

enterprise

A business, company, or similar entity that is organized around a single purpose. A digital enterprise is a company that employs digital technology throughout its operations and facilities.

enterprise asset management

EAM. A specific application of a management information systems that controls physical equipment and assets. Enterprise asset management systems help monitor maintenance and repair.

enterprise resource planning

ERP. A specific application of a management information system that takes the data from internal and external information systems and integrates it throughout the organization. Enterprise resource planning is often integrated into the product lifecycle management of cyber-physical manufacturing via the digital thread.

ERP

Enterprise Resource Planning.A specific application of a management information system. ERP systems take the data from internal and external information systems and integrate it throughout the organization.

exponentially

Something that increases rapidly in large quantities. Exponentially derives from exponent, which describes numbers that indicate how many times a given number is multiplied by itself.

Extensible markup language

XML. A file format designed to transmit and store arbitrary data. Extensible markup language file formats create a set of rules that are both machine readable and human-readable.

futureproofing

A long-term smart manufacturing strategy of gradually integrating IT and OT together in a way that anticipates technology changes. Futureproofing strategies often require industry, operators, and technology to work together in collaboration.

hardware

Hardware is the physical equipment used in a computer system. IIoT hardware includes sensors, wireless routers, and computing devices.

human-machine interface

HMI. A device connected to a machine that allows operators to monitor and control a machine or process. A human-machine interface may have a touch screen or control pad.

Industrial Internet of Things

IIoT. A network of physical devices used in manufacturing that contain computing systems that allow them to send and receive data. The Industrial Internet of Things allows devices to exchange data and automate processes without any human intervention.

information models

The act of making a concept or protocols for data to make information easier to update. Information modeling is often used with software to manage and analyze large amounts of data.

information technology

IT. Traditionally associated with the office environment and includes the systems and communication infrastructure used to run business functions. Information technology works with computers, data storage, networking devices, and processes to create, process, store, secure, and exchange all forms of electronic data.

interoperable

The ability of software and hardware from different machines, processes, and vendors to share and exchange data. Interoperable devices often communicate through an application programming interface (API) and are key characteristics of Smart Manufacturing systems.

IT

Information technology. IT. Traditionally associated with the office environment and includes the systems and communication infrastructure used to run business functions. IT works with computers, data storage, networking devices, and processes to create, process, store, secure, and exchange all forms of electronic data.

JavaScript object notation

JSON. A file format that uses human-readable text. JavaScript option notation are open access files used to store and transmit data.

linear

Extending indefinitely along a straight line. Linear structures transmit data in a single direction

low code

A software application that enables programming to be done visually rather than textually. Low code enables developers to easily build IIoT applications and processes using a graphical interface.

machine control unit

MCU. A small, powerful computer that controls and operates a specific CNC machine. Machine control units read part programs and translate them to machine movement.

machine learning platforms

Software that enables a digital system to analyze data in order to build predictive models and make decisions autonomously. Machine learning platforms are a key benefit of Industry 4.0.

manufacturing execution system

MES. A software application that monitors and analyzes machine performance data related to processing materials and producing finished products. Manufacturing execution system applications can be used to integrate performance data from multiple machines in a product lifecycle execution (PLE) system.

MES

Manufacturing Execution System. A type of intelligence software used specifically to manage and execute manufacturing operations. MES allows companies to use the power of computers to store product, machine, and materials data and use it to effectively optimize operations.

Open Platform Communications United Architecture

OPC-UA. A collection of communication protocols and standards used with industrial equipment. Open Platform Communications United Architecture work as a universal translator, allowing computer software to communicate easily with thousands of different manufacturing sensors, CNC machines, and other compatible devices.

operational technology

OT. A system comprised of hardware and software that controls industrial systems. Operational technology has traditionally been associated with industrial environments and includes the hardware and software systems that control and execute processes on the facility floor.

orchestrate

The practice of managing tasks in end-to-end processes to minimize wait times and optimize the use of resources. Orchestrated processes are enhanced through constant monitoring of manufacturing operations and support functions to resolve issues proactively.

orchestration

The practice of managing tasks in end-to-end processes to minimize wait times and optimize the use of resources. Orchestration is enhanced through constant monitoring of manufacturing operations and support functions to resolve issues proactively.

OT

Operational technology. A system comprised of hardware and software that controls industrial systems. OT has traditionally been associated with industrial environments and includes the hardware and software systems that control and execute processes on the facility floor.

predictive analytics

The use of data to anticipate future events. Predictive analytics allow manufacturers to make informed decisions to address things like future supply needs, machine maintenance, and customer demand.

programmable logic controllers

PLC. A processor-driven device that uses logic-based software to provide electrical control to machines and processes. A programmable logic controller is used in factory automation.

real time

The near-instantaneous interval of time that computers require to process data. Real time is virtually the same as actual time because computers process data nearly immediately.

scalable

A configuration that allows for growth. Scalable in smart manufacturing can occur through the use of added hardware and software.

short message service

SMS. A text messaging function used to send short messages to a mobile device. Short message services cannot handle image or video attachments.

simulation software

A program that allows the user to observe an operation without actually performing that operation. Simulation software is used widely to design equipment so that the final product will be as close to design specifications as possible without expensive modification.

software

A set of written operating instructions that control a computer. A software program consists of coded formulas and operations that determine the action of the computer.

software as a service

SaaS.A method of delivery where computer programs are delivered online through a subscription. Software as a service is purchased online instead of bought and installed individually.

standard operating procedure

SOP. A document describing an organization's routine processes. A standard operating procedure contains a moderate amount of detail about the techniques and equipment used to create a set of work instructions for employees to follow.

statistical software

An electronic program that helps in collecting, summarizing, and analyzing numerical data. Statistical software examples include Excel spreadsheets.

supervisory control and data acquisition system

SCADA. A variety of system types but, most often, an industrial system used to monitor and control a large process. Supervisory control and data acquisition system processes can include one or more entire facilities.

systems architecture

The structure of a program or software system network. System architectures improve system up-time by limiting the effects of a malfunction.

user interface

UI. A device that allows a user to control a software application or hardware device. User interfaces vary according to manufacturer, but they generally include a display screen and controls.

value chain

A strategy to give a higher competitive advantage by going beyond the tactical processes in supply chain management. The value chain also includes integrating companies in closer partnership for research, innovation, and after-sales services that maintain products, extend their lifetime, and enhance the consumer experience.

wearables

A category of smart devices that people can wear on the body. Wearable technology can track and transmit data created by personnel.

workflow

The layout of a process. Workflows can reduce travel distances, eliminate redundancies, and improve quality.